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Explaining the BM-30 Smerch.

🚀 BM-30 Smerch (Tornado)

The BM-30 Smerch (meaning "Tornado" or "Whirlwind"), also known as the 9A52-2 Smerch-M, is a heavy, self-propelled Multiple Rocket Launcher System (MLRS) manufactured by the Soviet Union/Russia.

The system is designed to deliver massive artillery firepower in a short time, highly effective against wide-area targets in the enemy's front lines and rear.

🎯 Primary Purpose

The system is designed to defeat:
Enemy personnel and troops.
Armored and unarmored vehicles in areas of concentration.
Enemy artillery batteries.
Command posts and control infrastructure.
Ammunition depots and logistics depots.

⚙️ Key Technical Specifications

| Features | Description |
| :--- | :--- |
| *Country of Origin* | Soviet Union / Russia |
| *Entry Date* | 1989 |
| *Rocket Caliber* | 300 mm |
| *Number of Launch Tubes* | 12 tubes |
| *Chassis* | 8x8 wheeled truck (typically MAZ-543M or MZKT) |
| *Firing Range (Maximum)* | 70 km (standard version) to 90 km (with newer rockets) |
| *Firing Range (Minimum)* | Approximately 20 km |
| *Combat Weight* | Approximately 43.7 tonnes |
| *Full Salvo Time* | 12 rockets in 38 seconds |
| *Ready to Fire Time* | Approximately 3 minutes |
| *Crew* | 3 - 4 people |

💣 Ammunition

The BM-30 Smerch uses 300 mm rockets that can be equipped with various types of warheads, including:

*High Explosive Fragmentation (HE-Frag):* For large-area targets and troops.
*Cluster Munition:* Contains small submunitions (such as anti-personnel, anti-tank guided missiles, or scattered anti-tank mines).
*Thermobaric (Fuel Air Explosive/FAE):* Produces a powerful explosion and a large pressure wave.

One of the key features of the Smerch rocket is its self-propelled trajectory correction control system, which gives it improved firing accuracy compared to previous multiple rocket systems.

📜 History and Use

1. *Development:* The BM-30 Smerch was developed in the early 1980s by the Splav State Research and Production Enterprise in the Soviet Union.
2. *Operation:* The system has been widely used in various conflicts, and to this day, it remains one of the most lethal and powerful rocket artillery systems used by Russia and other user nations.