NASA's Perseverance and Curiosity Mars Rovers shown what's hidden under Martian rocky cover

Mars is characterized by its harsh environment that shown by NASA's latest 4K images from Curiosity and Perseverance Rovers. The planet's atmosphere, a mere fraction of Earth's density, is incapable of effectively trapping heat. This results in dramatic diurnal temperature swings, with surface temperatures reaching near-freezing during the day and plummeting to frigid lows at night.

The low atmospheric pressure and weak greenhouse effect exacerbate these fluctuations. Additionally, Mars lacks a global magnetic field, leaving its atmosphere vulnerable to solar wind erosion, further contributing to atmospheric loss over time.

In far past, Mars may have possessed a thicker atmosphere capable of supporting liquid water on the surface. However, gradual atmospheric escape due to low gravity and solar wind stripping has significantly reduced the Martian air mass. The dominant mechanism for this atmospheric depletion is "Jeans Escape", where lighter gas molecules escape Mars' weak gravitational pull. Extreme temperature variations shape the Martian landscape.

Sublimation, the direct transformation of water ice into vapor, contributes to the formation of vast canyons. Conversely, freezing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere creates intricate seasonal frost patterns on the surface. The connection between heat and cold presents significant challenges for weathering on Mars.

Renders of Mars planet, Perseverance Rover and MRO - by iGadgetPro

Credit for real RAW-images of Mars: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU | nasa.gov

All NASA's RAW-images were colorized, processed and edited by iGadgetPro

Timecodes
0:00 - Introduction to Mars' atmospheric conditions
0:34 - Composition and effects of the thin atmosphere
1:09 - Martian surface temperatures and ice
1:46 - Ancient liquid flows signs on Mars
2:23 - Occurrence and impact of Martian dust storms
3:37 - Past Martian hydrothermal activity
4:15 - Analysis of minerals indicating past liquid interactions
5:51 - Organic molecules in drilled holes on Mars by Curiosity
6:28 - Ongoing research on Martian soil samples

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