Blast Furnace Raw Materials | Blast Furnace | Part 1| Tech It Eze

Blast Furnace Raw Materials | Blast Furnace | Part 1| Tech It Eze
Hi Friends
Today we will discuss about Raw Materials of Blast Furnace
Today’s topic
 INCOMING FLOW OF BF RAW MATERIALS
 WORK FLOW OF STOCK HOUSE
 SPECIFIC RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION
 FUNCTIONS OF COKE
 RAW MATERIAL DESIRED QUALITY
 PHYSICAL TEST OF RAW MATERIALS
A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used to produce Hot Metal from raw materials. The main raw materials used in a blast furnace are:
The main Raw Material inputs of a blast furnace are:
 Iron bearing raw material (IBRM) – Sinter, Pellets, Iron ore, DRI : The primary source of iron.
 Coke (metallurgical coal): Acts as a reducing agent and fuel.
 Dolomite (calcium-magnesium carbonate): Flux to remove impurities and form slag.
 Quartzite (optional): Added to maintain Slag Basicity and Slag volume.
 Pyroxenite can influence the slag composition, improving its fluidity and facilitating the removal of impurities.
 Manganese ore (optional): Added to produce manganese-rich pig iron.
Stock House
A Blast Furnace Stock House is a facility that stores and prepares raw materials, known as "burden materials," for use in a blast furnace during ironmaking.
The main functions of a stock house include:
 Storage: Storing raw materials like Sinter, Pellet, iron ore, DRI, coke, quartzite, Pyroxenite and dolomite in separate bins or silos.
 Screening of Sinter, Pellet, Iron Ore, Coke etc. to remove undersize or fines.
 Weighing and batching: Accurately weighing and batching the raw materials according to a predetermined recipe.
 Conveying: Conveying the mixed materials to the blast furnace.
A typical stock house layout includes:
 Raw material receiving: Area for unloading raw materials from trucks, trains, or ships.
 Storage bins: Silos or bins for storing each raw material.
 Weighing and batching station: Equipment for accurately measuring and batching materials.
 Conveyor system: Belts or other conveyors that transport the mixed materials to the blast furnace.
 Control room: Centralized monitoring and control station for managing stock house operations.
 The stock house plays a crucial role in ensuring consistent and efficient blast furnace operation by providing a steady supply of high-quality burden materials.

SPECIFIC RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION
one TON OF HOT METAL REQUIRED:
IBRM (Iron Bearing Raw Material) approximately one thousand six hundred kg per ton hot metal
Typically SINTER sixty to eighty %
PELLET twenty to forty %
C L O five to ten %
DRI three to four % (Optional)
FLUX zero to fifty kg per ton hot metal
FUEL five hundred to five fifty kg per ton hot metal
COKE three hundred to three fifty kg per ton hot metal
COAL one fifty to two hundred kg per ton hot metal
Function of Coke
Reasons for selecting Coke for blast furnace:
 High Strength
 Low fines generation
 It comes from top to bottom as it as.
 Provides more heat
 Provides reducing agent gas (CO)
 Gives more permeability
 Low ash content
 Provides Mechanical support to entire Burden
Blast Furnace Coke Size
The size of metallurgical coke used in blast furnaces typically ranges from 40 to 100 mm (Bigger Furnace) & 20 to 80 mm (Smaller Furnace), with a median size of around 48 to 50 mm for BF & 40 to 45 mm for MBF.
The size distribution of coke is important, as it affects:
 Permeability: Smaller coke sizes can reduce permeability, leading to lower furnace efficiency.
 Reactivity: Larger coke sizes can reduce reactivity, leading to lower furnace efficiency.
 Strength: Larger coke sizes tend to have higher strength, reducing degradation and fines generation.
Common coke size ranges for larger blast furnaces:-
Large coke: 60 to100 mm
Medium coke: 40 to 60 mm
Small coke: 20 to 40 mm
Fines: less than 20 mm
Common coke size ranges for MBF:-
Large coke: 50 to 80 mm
Medium coke: 30 to 50 mm
Small coke: 10 to 30 mm
Fines: less than 10 mm
The optimal coke size distribution varies depending on factors such as:
1. Furnace design
2. Burden composition
3. Operating conditions
4. Coke quality

BF Raw Materials | Part 1 | Blast Furnace | Tech It Eze
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