Скачать или смотреть Class 14 | UPPCS GS VI (UP Special) | 🔥 Soil Types in Uttar Pradesh [Masterclass]

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Soil Types in Uttar Pradesh
What this video covers (exam-first):
• Complete Soil Resources of Uttar Pradesh (UP Special GS 6) with district-wise cues
• Classification, properties, crops, problem soils, and reclamation
• High-yield diagrams, tables, mini-FAQs, and practice Q&As for instant revision
Soil Resources of Uttar Pradesh are dominated by Alluvial Soil (~88%), with regional diversity across Terai (4–5%), Red & Yellow soils in Bundelkhand (3–4%), Forest soils (2–3%), and pockets of Bhabar, Black (Regur), Aravalli-derived soils, and lateritic patches. Soil of Uttar Pradesh shows clear hydro-geomorphic control—Ganga–Yamuna system, Shivalik foothills, Vindhyan uplands, and Bundelkhand plateau. Key issues include erosion, waterlogging/leaching, salinity–alkalinity (Usar/Reh lands), fertility decline, soil pollution, and unscientific land use. Reclamation uses gypsum (for sodic soils), drainage, green manures, integrated nutrient management, and contour-based watershed works. (Primary keywords used: Soil of Uttar Pradesh, Soil Resources of Uttar Pradesh, UP Special GS 6)

📚 Classification (with crops & pointers):

Alluvial Soil (~88%) — “Breadbasket”: Khadar (new, very fertile) vs Bhangar (old, kankar). Neutral–alkaline pH; rich in potash/lime; low in N & P. Crops: wheat, rice, sugarcane.

Terai Soil (4–5%) — “Moist & organic-rich”: Lakhimpur Kheri, Pilibhit, Bahraich, Shravasti, Balrampur; waterlogged, humus-rich; paddy, sugarcane, jute.

Red & Yellow Soil (3–4%) — Bundelkhand (Jhansi, Lalitpur, Mahoba, Chitrakoot, Hamirpur); sandy–loam; low N, P, humus; coarse cereals, pulses, oilseeds (with irrigation: cotton/soybean).

Forest Soil (2–3%) — Vindhyan & Shivalik hills (Mirzapur, Sonbhadra, etc.); humus-rich but acidic; horticulture & agro-forestry.

Bhabar (less then 1%) — coarse, porous foothill belt (Bijnor, Saharanpur, Pilibhit); recharge zone; limited agriculture, fodder/forestry.

Black Soil (less then 1%) — pockets in S Lalitpur; clayey, swelling-shrinking; cotton, sorghum, pulses.

Aravalli Soil (~0.25%) — Mathura–Agra–Aligarh pockets; sandy/sandy loam; salinity–alkalinity issues; wheat, bajra, chana, mustard after improvement.

Lateritic Patches — Vindhyan south & Sonbhadra; leached, acidic; limited agriculture (lime/dolomite help).

Problem Soils in UP (with fixes):
• Erosion (Bundelkhand uplands, Vindhyan scarp, Shivalik foothills): contour bunds, check-dams, afforestation.
• Waterlogging & Leaching (Terai/East UP): drainage, raised beds, crop planning, bio-drainage.
• Salinity–Alkalinity (Usar/Reh) in Central/East UP + pockets of West UP: gypsum for sodic soil, leaching, salt-tolerant varieties, pressurized irrigation.
• Fertility Decline (rice–wheat belts): green manure, FYM, zinc/sulfur correction, residue return.
• Soil Pollution (industrial belts: Kanpur–Ghaziabad): source control, phytoremediation.
Exam Booster (one-liners you can recall fast):
• Soil Resources of Uttar Pradesh ≠ uniform: river regime + relief decide texture, fertility, salinity risk.
• Khadar - Bhangar in fertility; Bhangar shows kankar.
• Terai = high humus + waterlogging; Bhabar = recharge zone.
• Gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O) replaces exchangeable Na⁺ in sodic soils.
• Lateritic = acidic, needs lime.

💬 PYQ-style Practice Q&A:
Q1. Which soil dominates Soil of Uttar Pradesh?
A. Alluvial soil (~88%).
Q2. Difference between Khadar and Bhangar?
A. Khadar: new, finer, more fertile; Bhangar: old, kankar, less fertile.
Q3. Two districts with Terai soil?
A. Lakhimpur Kheri, Pilibhit (also Bahraich/Shardra belt).
Q4. Why Bundelkhand soils are drought-prone?
A. Sandy–loam texture, low humus, poor water retention.
Q5. One chemical to reclaim sodic soils?
A. Gypsum.
Q6. What makes Forest soils acidic?
A. Leaching + organic acid accumulation.
Q7. Define Bhabar’s agricultural constraint.
A. Highly porous, low moisture retention.
Q8. Where is Black (Regur) soil in UP?
A. Southern Lalitpur pockets.
Q9. Key nutrients deficient in alluvium?
A. Nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter.
Q10. Two measures to curb waterlogging?
A. Surface/subsurface drainage; raised beds.
Q11. Indicator of salinity/alkalinity on surface?
A. White salt crust.
Q12. Lateritic patch remedy?
A. Liming + organic matter.
Q13. Soil pollution hotspots?
A. Kanpur, Ghaziabad industrial zones.
Q14. One watershed practice for erosion control?
A. Contour bunding/check-dams.
Q15. Triplet for Soil Resources of Uttar Pradesh revision?
A. Type–Property–Crop (TPC) map recall.

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