Скачать или смотреть 90. Contraception (Part 1) Obstetrics & Gynecology for USMLE Step 2 CK | Barrier & Hormonal Methods

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Contraception (Part 1) | Obstetrics & Gynecology for USMLE Step 2 CK | Barrier & Hormonal Methods

In this high-yield lecture, we begin our series on contraception, a vital topic in reproductive medicine and a frequently tested concept in USMLE Step 2 CK. Contraception refers to the deliberate prevention of pregnancy through medical, surgical, or behavioral methods. Understanding the mechanisms, effectiveness, advantages, and contraindications of different contraceptives is crucial for both exam preparation and real-world patient counseling in Western healthcare systems.

This first part covers the barrier and hormonal methods. Barrier methods include male and female condoms, diaphragms, and cervical caps. Condoms are unique because they also protect against sexually transmitted infections, making them essential in high-risk populations. Hormonal contraceptives include combined oral contraceptive pills, progestin-only pills, transdermal patches, and vaginal rings. These work primarily by suppressing ovulation, thickening cervical mucus, and altering the endometrium. Clinical pearls include the non-contraceptive benefits of hormonal methods such as regulation of menstrual cycles, treatment of dysmenorrhea, and reduced risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers.

We also review common contraindications, such as history of thromboembolism, uncontrolled hypertension, smoking in women over 35, and certain migraine patterns. Effectiveness, compliance, and side effects are explained in detail to highlight exam-relevant scenarios.

By integrating the principles of contraceptive mechanisms with clinical case-based reasoning, this lecture equips medical students, residents, and clinicians with knowledge to answer USMLE Step 2 CK-style questions and to provide safe, evidence-based contraceptive counseling in U.S. and Western healthcare settings.


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