Hyphenated words rules

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This video is created by Sir. Fazal Rabi.

Lecture on Hyphenated Compound Words.
But first we will define what are compound words.
Compound Words: Compound word consist of two words which can be used independently, but when join together as one word or with hyphen, forms a new word.
For example: Air + Port = Airport.
There are three types of compound words'
1) Closed form compound words
2) Open form compound words
3) Hyphenated compound words.

1) Closed form Compound words:
The two words are joined together with out a hyphen or space.
For Example: Baseball, worldwide, railway etc

2) Open form Compound words:
Two independent words are combined to describe a single thing. We just use the space between these words. These words are mostly adjectives and nouns.
For Example: living room, full moon, post office etc.

3) Hyphenated compound words:
Compound words having hyphen.
There are great many compound rules regarding hyphens in compound words.
For Example: long-term, day-to-day, ninety-nine etc.

Rules for Hyphenated compound words:

Rule No 1): In most cases, a compound adjective is hyphenated if placed before the noun it modifies, but not if placed after the noun.
For Example: A long-term solution.
This is not a good solution for a long term.
Rule No 2): Sometime we may hyphenate for clarity.
For Example: Old furniture sales man (Confusing)
Old-furniture sales man ( Clear)
Rule No 3): Hyphen should be used with modifiers. When a modifies appears before a noun, you will hyphenate it, When it appears after the noun, you don't bother with hyphenating.
For Example: It was a very high-speed chase. (Hyphenation Correct)
The chase was very high speed.

When to use hyphen and what are its exceptions?
When a word ending with "Ly" rarely form part of hyphenated compound words.
For Example: Hotly contested
But when you are using the whole phrase as an adjective, you might use hyphens all the same.
For Example: The ever-so-slightly embarrassed salesman continued with his pitch.
Compound with prefixes such as:
Pre, Post, Mid. are usually used in closed form.
For Example: Mid season
Trick for hyphenated compound words.
For example: For Mid-June, write "The middle of June".
please consult a dictionary for hyphenated compound words.
These words are having hyphen always:
1) Number from twenty-one to ninety-nine. e.g. thirty-five.
2) Fractions expressed completely in numbers. e.g. Two-third.
3) With prefix: Self, Ex, all. e.g. Ex-president.
4) With suffixes: style, free, elect, based. e.g. French-style.

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Fazal Rabi

This Video may be useful for your exam preparations like NTS , CSS , ECAT , FTS, GAT , MCAT , PMS , PSC , CSS,FPSC,PPSC,UTS, OTS,ETEA,and for any other competitive exams.

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