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Saepinum (modern Altilia, near Sepino) was a Samnite town 9 miles south of the modern Campobasso, on the ancient road from Beneventum to Corfinium. It was captured by the Romans in 293 BC. The position of the original town is on the mountain far above the Roman town, and remains of its walls in Cyclopean masonry still exist. The city walls (in opus reticulatum) of the Roman town were erected by Tiberius before he became emperor, the date (between 2 BC and AD 4) being given by an inscription. Within them are remains of a theatre and other buildings, including temples of Jupiter and Apollo, and there still exists, by the gate leading to Bovianum, an important inscription of about AD 168, relating to the tratture (see Apulia) in Roman days, forbidding the natives to harm the shepherds who passed along them (Corp. inscr. Lat. ix.2438). The presence of tombs from the 4th century A.D. within the city walls suggest that the city had been largely abandoned by that time. The demographic and political breakdown of the Roman Empire, exacerbated by the Gothic-Byzantine War (535 - 553 A.D.) along with earthquakes and flooding, forced the towns gradual decline. Following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, Saepinum was taken in 882 by Saracens. Parts of the mediaeval town survive (restored).