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title: a comprehensive guide to using subprocess.run() in python with examples
the subprocess module in python provides a powerful way to spawn and interact with additional processes. the subprocess.run() function, introduced in python 3.5, simplifies the process of running a command and handling its input, output, and error streams. in this tutorial, we'll explore the subprocess.run() function with various examples to illustrate its usage.
let's start with a simple example to demonstrate the basic usage of subprocess.run():
in this example, we run the ls -l command and capture its output using subprocess.run(). the capture_output=true argument instructs the function to capture the standard output, and text=true ensures the output is returned as a string. the result object contains information such as the output, return code, and more.
you can also provide input to the subprocess using the input parameter:
in this example, we use the input parameter to pass a string to the grep command. the specified string is searched for the term "subprocess," and the output is captured and printed.
to handle errors, you can check the return code and raise an exception if necessary:
in this example, the check=true parameter raises a subprocess.calledprocesserror if the command returns a non-zero exit code. we catch this exception and print an error message.
the subprocess.run() function provides various options to control the behavior of the subprocess. you can specify the working directory, environment variables, shell usage, and more. here's an example:
in this example, we use the cwd parameter to set the working directory, env to set environment variables, and shell=true to run the command in a shell.
the subprocess.run() function is a versatile tool for running external commands from python. it simplifies the interaction with subprocesses and provides a convenient way to handle input, output, and errors. experiment with the examples provided to gain a better understanding of h ...

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