Скачать или смотреть Mining for Chocolate Diamonds: Simulating Natural Resource Extraction

Rocks are natural solid substances that are composed of one or more minerals. Minerals are solid substances with a definite chemical composition.
Both rocks and minerals have different features that are used to describe them including their color texture, luster, and hardness. Rocks that are attractive and valuable are often called gems. Diamonds, rubies, and amethysts are all examples of valuable and beautiful gems. Chocolate diamonds, also known as brown diamonds, have recently become very popular gemstones.
When valuable rocks or minerals are discovered, a mine is often dug into the earth to remove these important materials. Mines can be constructed as series of deep holes or tunnels that are dug underground - or they can be one giant hole that with lots of layers.
The building and operation of a mine often results in some negative impacts on the environment. This includes loss of habitat for plants and animals, erosion, and contamination of nearby soil, steams, and wetlands. As a result, mining should be done as carefully and protectively as possible. After mining is complete, the land should be returned to as close as possible to its natural state. This process is known as reclamation and it can greatly reduce the adverse environmental effects of mining.
Is it possible to model the mining and reclamation process using just simple materials?
Next Generation Science Standards:
4-ESS3-1 Earth and Human Activity
Obtain and combine information to describe that energy and fuels are derived from natural resources and their uses affect the environment.
MS-ESS3-1. Earth and Human Activity Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for how the uneven distributions of Earth's mineral, energy, and groundwater resources are the result of past and current geoscience processes.
HS-ESS3-2 Earth and Human Activity
Evaluate competing design solutions for developing, managing, and utilizing energy and mineral resources based on cost-benefit ratios.*
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