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Grafting is a technique that joins the tissues of two plants together so they continue to grow as one plant.

In viticulture this technique allows grape vines to express the desirable varietal characteristics of the scion (upper part of the joined plant) in the fruits, while developing or keeping the root system of the rootstock (lower part of the joined plant).

As a method to propagate vines, grafting has been used since Ancient Roman times, although it became vitally important for the majority of wine growing regions in the world at the end of the 19th century, resulting in the majority of the vineyards we see today being planted with grafted vines.