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Acrocanthosaurus is a genus of gigantic predatory dinosaurs that lived in the Lower Cretaceous epoch (125-109 Ma) in the territories of the modern USA. Belongs to the family Carcharodontosauridae, closely related to Allosaurus, although originally considered a spinosaurid because of its elongated spinous spines.
Discovery and name
Acrocanthosaurs in the artist's view
Acrocanthosaurus is named after its tall spinous spines, from the Greek ακρα - tall, ακανθα - spike or spine and σαύρος - lizard. The typical and only species is Acrocanthosaurus atokensis, whose species name was given after Atoka County, Oklahoma, where the first specimens were found. The name was coined in 1950 by American paleontologists Stovall and Langston, Jr.

Description
Although slightly smaller than its giant relative Giganotosaurus, Acrocanthosaurus was one of the largest theropods that ever existed on earth. The largest known specimen (NCSM 14345) is estimated to be 11.5 meters from snout to tail tip, and according to various estimates weighed between 5.7 and 6.2 tons, although some scientists note that this specimen of Acrocanthosaurus could weigh as much as 7 tons. The holotype of Acrocanthosaurus was slightly smaller than NCSM 14345 and reached a total length of 9.9 m.


Comparative sizes of Acrocanthosaurus and humans
The skull of Acrocanthosaurus is similar in shape to that of Carcharodontosaurus and Allosaurus - low, elongated, elongated and straight, with ornamentation on the upper surface. In NCSM 14345, it was about 1.3 meters long. The spinous processes reached 35 cm in height, forming a semblance of a low "sail". At the same time, unlike the sail of dimetrodon, the spinous processes of "sail" dinosaurs (spinosaurus, uranosaurus) are very thick. For Acrocanthosaurus, the association of high spinous processes with the development of very powerful dorsal muscles is assumed - thus, in life, there may not have been a "sail" as such, instead there may have been a hump that protected the back. The legs are relatively short, the forelegs also short, massive, with very large claws (especially on the first toe). The neck is powerful, straight, and the muzzle was lowered at about a 25° angle to the ground when walking.