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Thread tapping is the process of cutting internal threads inside a pre-drilled hole using a specialized tool called a tap, allowing a bolt or screw to be threaded into the workpiece securely���. Tapping creates the female portion of the thread (as opposed to external threading, which uses a die to cut threads on bolts or rods)�.Tapping BasicsThe process typically begins by drilling a hole slightly smaller than the outside (major) diameter of the intended thread size�.A tap is then rotated (by hand or machine) into the hole, cutting helical grooves (threads) into the material��.Proper alignment and the use of lubrication are crucial to prevent breakage and ensure accurate threading��.Types of TapsTaper Tap: Has a pronounced taper, making it easy to start threads, especially in hard materials��.Plug (Intermediate) Tap: Most commonly used; suitable for both through holes and starting threads in blind holes��.Bottoming Tap: Has a minimal taper and is used to cut threads to the bottom of a blind hole��.Thread-forming Tap: Forms threads by deforming the material, rather than cutting, and is used for ductile materials�.Manual vs. Machine TappingTapping can be performed manually with a tap wrench, especially for small production or repair jobs�.For higher accuracy and productivity, tapping is often done on machines such as CNC mills, lathes, or drilling machines, which helps in achieving consistent thread quality and alignment��.Key ConsiderationsUse the correct tap size and corresponding drill bit to avoid oversized or undersized threads�.Ensure the tap is perpendicular to the workpiece to avoid cross-threading or breakage�.Frequently reverse the tap slightly during manual tapping (“breaking the chip”) to clear debris and reduce the risk of tap breakage�.Regularly apply suitable cutting fluid to extend tool life and improve thread quality��.Thread tapping is an essential and widely used operation in manufacturing and repair, providing reliable threaded holes for mechanical fastening���.