Скачать или смотреть Historical Vikram Shilla University (বিক্রমশিলা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়)

Historical Vikram Shila University Bhagalpur (ঐতিহাসিক বিক্রমশিলা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়, ভাগলপুর)
ऐतिहासिक विक्रमसिल्ला बिस्वबिद्यालय
ಹಿಸ್ಟಾರಿಕಲ್ ವಿಕ್ರಂಶಿಲ್ಲ ಯೂನಿವರ್ಸಿಟಿ
ഹിസ്റ്റോറിക്കൽ വിക്രംശില്ല യൂണിവേഴ്സിറ്റി
ஹிஸ்டாரிகால் விக்ரம்ஷிள்ள யூனிவர்சிட்டி
Vikramashila (IAST: Vikramaśilā) was a Buddhist monastery situated in what is now modern-day Bihar in India. It was founded by King Dharmapala between the late eighth and early ninth century.

It was one of the three most important Buddhist Mahaviharas of its time in India, along with Nalanda and Odantapuri. Its location is now the site of Antichak village near Kahalgaon, Bhagalpur district in Bihar. It was one of the largest Buddhist mahaviharas, with more than one hundred teachers and about one thousand students. It produced eminent scholars who were often invited by foreign countries to spread Buddhist learning, culture and religion including Atiśa and Ratnākaraśānti.

Vikramashila was established by the Pala emperor Dharmapala (783 to 820 CE) in response to a supposed decline in the quality of scholarship at Nalanda. It was destroyed by the forces of Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji around 1193.
A number of monasteries grew up during the Pāla period in medieval Bengal and Magadha. According to Tibetan sources, five great Mahaviharas stood out: Vikramashila, the premier university of the era; Nalanda, past its prime but still illustrious, Somapura, Odantapura, and Jagaddala.[5] The five monasteries formed a network; "all of them were under state supervision" and there existed "a system of co-ordination among them. It seems from the evidence that the different seats of Buddhist learning that functioned in eastern India under the Pāla were regarded together as forming a network, an interlinked group of institutions," and it was common for great scholars to move easily from position to position among them.

Vikramashila was founded by Pāla king Dharmapala in the late 8th or early 9th century. It prospered for about four centuries before it was destroyed by Bakhtiyar Khilji along with the other major centres of Buddhism in Eastern India around 1193.

Vikramashila is known to us mainly through Tibetan sources, especially the writings of Tāranātha, the Tibetan monk historian of the 16th–17th centuries.

Vikramashila was one of the largest Buddhist universities, with more than one hundred teachers and about one thousand students. It produced eminent scholars who were often invited by foreign countries to spread Buddhist learning, culture and religion.

One such scholar was Atisha Dipankara, a founder of the Sarma traditions of Tibetan Buddhism. Subjects like philosophy, grammar, metaphysics, Indian logic etc. were taught here, but the most important branch of learning was Buddhist tantra.
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