Скачать или смотреть L 2:Female External Genitalia | Female Reproductive System | NEET | NCERT

L 2:Female External Genitalia | Female Reproductive System | NEET | NCERT

The female external genitalia, also known as the vulva, includes the external parts of the female reproductive system. These structures play a key role in sexual reproduction, protection, and urination. The major components of the female external genitalia are:

1. Mons Pubis: A rounded, fatty area above the pubic bone, covered with pubic hair after puberty.


2. Labia Majora: The outer folds of skin that enclose and protect the other genital organs. They are typically covered with pubic hair.


3. Labia Minora: The inner folds of skin, located inside the labia majora. They are usually hairless and can vary greatly in size and color between individuals.

4. Clitoris: A small, highly sensitive organ located at the top of the vulva, where the labia minora meet. It is a key site of sexual arousal.


5. Urethral Opening: The opening through which urine is expelled from the body, located just below the clitoris.


6. Vaginal Opening (Introitus): The entryway to the vagina, located between the labia minora. This opening allows for menstrual flow, sexual intercourse, and childbirth.


7. Perineum: The area of skin between the vaginal opening and the anus.

These structures not only serve reproductive functions but also play a crucial role in maintaining the body's hygiene and protection from infections.

Mammary Glands:

Mammary glands are specialized organs responsible for producing milk in female mammals. They play a crucial role in lactation, which provides nourishment to infants after birth. Here's an overview of mammary glands:

1. Structure of Mammary Glands:

The mammary glands are made up of lobes and lobules. Each lobe contains several smaller lobules that are connected to milk ducts.

Milk is produced in the alveoli (small sacs) inside the lobules and is carried to the nipple through the milk ducts.

2. Function:

The primary function of the mammary glands is to produce milk after childbirth, providing nutrients and immune protection to the infant.

The production of milk is regulated by hormones, including prolactin (for milk production) and oxytocin (for milk ejection).

3. Location:

Mammary glands are located in the breasts of female mammals, with one gland present in each breast.

4. Changes during Pregnancy:

During pregnancy, the mammary glands undergo significant changes, such as increased size and the preparation of milk secretion, to ensure the infant receives proper nutrition after birth.

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