Скачать или смотреть [3] Colonial nesting Swallow bird (Documentary film) on nesting Streak-throated Swallow -Bird colony

Colonial nesting involves a number of factors:

Indian Cliff swallow/ Petrochelidon fluvicolaare one of the favorite
subjects for behavior ecology studies because of their gourd shaped enclosed structured nest construction behavior. The nest construction preferably takes place beneath the cliff, under surface of bridges, sloping edges of the man-
made constructions, against the gravitational pull.
Cliff swallows are good architects and
builders in the nature; this act has been imprinted through the course of 0evolution. Cliff swallows use
mud for construction slightly reinforcing the organic fibrous contents. Mud is a plastic material that can be molded when wet into required shape & structure on drying it hardens to give a durable shape. Nearly 5%
of the bird species use mud as the vital material in nest construction. Mud bear load in compression and in cliff swallows the nests built on rock overhanging are not supported from below. The addition of grass, feather & hair in to the mud probably provides the strength in tension. Mud may vary in its contents. The mud is
selected by swallows only when there is a consistency appropriate for building the nest.

Selection of nest site is an important task in colonial breeding. Birds usually prefer their nesting sites within the foraging site so as to reduce the number of trips to the nest. Closer feeding sites also help in increased vigilance of the nest and minimise chances of predation of eggs and nestlings.

BIRD COLONY:
A bird colony is a large congregation of individuals of one or more species of bird that nest or roost in proximity at a particular location. Many kinds of birds are known to congregate in groups of varying size; a congregation of nesting birds is called a breeding colony.
A group of birds congregating for rest is called a communal roost.
Approximately 13% of all bird species nest colonially.
Colony nesting may be an evolutionary response to a shortage of safe nesting sites and abundance or unpredictable food sources which are far away from the nest sites. Colony-nesting birds often show synchrony in their breeding, meaning that chicks all hatch at once, with the implication that any predator coming along at that time would find more prey items than it could possibly eat.
The habit of nesting in groups is believed to provide better survival against predators in several ways. Many colonies are situated in locations that are naturally free of predators. In other cases, the presence of many birds means there are more individuals available for defense. Also, synchronized breeding leads to such an abundance of offspring as to satiate predators.
It has been theorized that the larger number of individuals available for vigilance and defense makes the colony a safer place for the individual birds nesting there. More pairs of eyes and ears are available to raise the alarm and rise to the occasion.
Another suggestion is that colonies act as information centers and birds that have not found good foraging sites are able to follow others, who have fared better, to find food. This makes sense for foragers because the food source is one that can be locally abundant.

Information source:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_...

Read more on this bird in my blog
https://anukusumkadri.9sh.org/2020/10...

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