What are the complications of IVF? | Risk to Mother & Baby - Dr. Chandrika Kulkarni

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Whenever an IVF is done, the aim is to produce 8 to 10 eggs. That is for a normal responder. Many at times there are more number of eggs proceed than what are required. It leads to a syndrome called as ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome. Instead of being stimulated, the ovaries are hyperstimulated. This happens in people who have got polycystic ovarian disease because as it is they start off with a large number of antral follicles. So when the injections are given, the number of eggs will be between 15 to 20 or more than that. So once this happens, the hormonal levels, the serum estradiol levels also increases. So this causes the ovarian size to increase tremendously. The ovary also starts secreting fluid into the abdomen. This leads to increase in the bloating, increase in abdominal girth, decrease urine output. All this constitute ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Many at times this is treated and does not lead to any harm. But in 1% of the people it leads to hospitalization. So this is one of the main complication of the IVF procedure. The other complication is multifetal pregnancy. So whenever the number of embryos that are transferred are more than 1, that is one single embryo transfer, there is a chance that it can be twins or triplets associated with IVF procedure. That is why nowadays we advocate single embryo transfer. Otherwise the chances of multiple pregnancy is to the tune of around 25 to 30% if at all 2 embryos are transferred.
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