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After conquering the mighty Persian Empire, Alexander the Great didn’t just claim their land, he embraced their entire culture. He married Roxana, a noblewoman from Bactria, sealing a political alliance that further solidified his rule. But Alexander’s loyalty to Greek traditions began to waver as he adopted Persian royal attire, including golden headdresses and embroidered robes, and even insisted on the Persian custom of proskynesis, where subjects bowed before him.
To the proud Macedonians who had followed him as their Greek hero, this wasn’t a sign of unity, it was a betrayal. They had always known Alexander as a warrior who valued Greek traditions, but now he seemed more like a Persian king than their leader. Many of his soldiers began to view him as a traitor, with whispers of rebellion growing among the ranks.
Things grew even more controversial when Alexander’s close relationship with Bagoas, a Persian eunuch, became public. Ancient sources suggest that Alexander and Bagoas shared an intimate bond, with one story even claiming Alexander publicly kissed him, a shocking act to the Macedonians.
As Alexander's adoption of Persian customs became more pronounced, the Macedonian army began to rebel against him. His soldiers felt betrayed, believing that their leader had abandoned the values that made them conquerors in favor of Persian luxury and tradition. Unrest spread through the ranks, and many began to see him as a despot rather than a hero.
Was Alexander simply using Persian culture to strengthen his rule, or had he truly turned his back on his Macedonian roots? For many of his soldiers, the answer was clear. Alexander had crowned himself a Persian king, not the Greek hero they had once revered.
background music: "Legionnaire" by Scott Buckley.
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