Скачать или смотреть Inside our Earth | Class 7th | Social Studies | Chapter 13

IV. 1. The earth is made up of several concentric layers with one inside another. The uppermost layer over the earth's surface is called the crust, the second layer is known as the mantle and the innermost layer is called the core.
2. Igneous Rocks are formed due to cooling, solidification and crystallization of molten earth materials known as magma (below the earth's surface) and lava (on the earth's surface).
3. Following are the characteristics of sedimentary rocks :
a. These are formed of sediments derived from the older rocks, plants and animal remains.
b. These rocks are stratified or have layers and therefore, fossils are found in these layers.
c. These are found over the largest area of the globe. About 75 percent of the surface area of the globe is covered by these rocks.
d. These hold reserves of coal, oil and natural gas.
4. When the molten magma cools, it solidifies to become igneous rocks. These igneous rocks are broken down into small particles that are transported and deposited to form
sedimentary rocks.
When the igneous and sedimentary rocks are subjected to high heat and pressure they change into metamorphic rocks. The metamorphic rocks which are still under great heat and pressure melt down to form molten magma. This molten magma can again cool down and solidify into igneous rocks.
5. Rocks are the storehouse of minerals, e.g., fossil fuels like coal, petroleum and natural gas are found in sedimentary rocks, whereas in igneous and metamorphic rocks, we find large reserves of metallic minerals.
The hard rocks are used for making roads, houses and
buildings.
Children use stones in several games like seven stones
(Pitthoo), hop-scotch (stapu /kit kit) etc.
6. Metamorphic rocks are formed due to change in the form of
sedimentary and igneous rocks. Sometimes, even previously
formed metamorphic rocks are again metamorphosed due to
great heat and pressure.

V. 1. False, 2. True, 3. True, 4. False, 5. True.
VI. 1. (b), 2. (d), 3. (e), 4. (a), 5. (c).





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