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What is Forta
Forta is a decentralized monitoring network to detect threats and anomalies on DeFi, NFT, governance, bridges and other Web3 systems in real-time.

Underlying Forta is a decentralized network of independent node operators that scan all transactions and block-by-block state changes for outlier transactions and threats. When an issue is detected, node operators send alerts to subscribers of potential risks, which enables them to take action.

Supported chains
The future is multi-chain. That is why Forta continues to expand into the emerging landscape of new L1s and L2s, bringing runtime monitoring and anomaly detection to Ethereum, Avalanche, Polygon, BNB Chain, Fantom, Arbitrum, and Optimism.

Why Forta
As the Web3 economy grows in value and complexity, security has become increasingly critical. More than $1 billion was lost in the first quarter of 2022 due to hacks and exploits, some of which have only been discovered several days after the attack happened. The need for real-time security and operational monitoring has become clear, allowing protocols and investors to react quickly to neutralize threats and prevent or minimize loss of funds.

However, the rapid speed at which the Web3 industry develops makes it hard for a centralized entity to watch it all. That’s where Forta comes in.

How to get started
You can subscribe to the Forta data feeds through a variety of applications, including the Forta App, OpenZeppelin Defender, or directly by using the public Forta API.

You can develop and deploy your own detection bots on Forta using the SDK. There are many templates and examples you can work from. There are also a growing number of development teams who you can hire to develop Forta bots for your project (visit the Bot Development Marketplace or contact the Forta Foundation at [email protected] for more information).

If you are an independent dev that wants to develop detection bots, you can visit Forta’s Bot Development Marketplace to discover RFPs, apply for Grants or participate in Forta Development Contests, which are announced in the Forta Discord.

Detection Bots
Detection bots refer to a set of code scripts within a Docker container that process some blockchain data (i.e. a block or transaction) and detect specific threat conditions (e.g. whether a flash loan attack occured, or whether a particular account balance fell below some threshold). Bots emit alerts for their findings. Bots are executed by scan nodes. To learn more about bots, see our FAQ section.

Scan Nodes
A scan node is a specific type of Forta node that executes detection bots for every transaction and every new block on a specific blockchain network. The scan node manages and coordinates bots (e.g. by instantiating and running bots, and restarting bots that become unresponsive). The scan node ferries blockchain data to bots to process the transaction/block. To learn more about scan nodes, see our FAQ section.

Types of monitoring
Operational monitoring
Operational (“performance”) monitoring checks that your protocol is functioning as expected, within some predetermined bounds. These types of checks are beneficial for the protocol’s community, as they provide some assurance of the overall health of the protocol while still highlighting some of the more extraordinary transactions that occur. Beyond the financial operation, this monitoring may provide information about when implementation contracts are upgraded, admin addresses change, or critical administrative smart contract methods are called. This type of monitoring would provide alerts that may be appropriate for display in a dashboard like Splunk, DataDog, etc.

For example, the total liquidity of pools may fluctuate by ±1% over the course of a day, so any single transaction that affects the liquidity by more than that should trigger an alert. Alternatively, because some pools may have relatively little liquidity, it may make sense to use a fixed value threshold (denominated in USDC, ETH, USD, etc.) rather than a percentage.