Dna Repair| Structure| Types| Neet| 1st and 2nd grade| Net| Set| Assistant Professor| All Exam|

#dna #repairing #structure #types #function

DNA repair mechanisms include:
Base excision repair (BER)
Repairs changes like the methylation of a purine base or the deamination of cytosine to uracil.
Nucleotide-excision repair
Corrects damage that distorts the DNA double helix, such as bases modified by bulky chemical groups.
Mismatch repair
Resolves single nucleotide mismatches and small insertion loops caused by DNA polymerase.
Double-strand break repair
Repairs DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), which are considered the most lethal DNA lesions.
Homologous recombination
Repairs DSBs and collapsed replication forks by exchanging strands between a single-stranded DNA and a homologous double-stranded DNA.
Translesion synthesis (TLS)
Allows cells to use specialized polymerases to traverse damage, giving the cell more time to repair the damage.
DNA ligase
An enzyme that joins nicked DNA, which is required in DNA replication and DNA repair pathways.
Cells have repair proteins that detect and repair DNA damage. If the damage is irreparable, cells may induce cell cycle arrest or apoptosis to preserve genomic integrity.

   / @developingbiology  

This topic is important for many competitive exams like...
NEET AIIMS
RPSC( First and Second Grade Exam)
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UPPSC ( Assistant Professor, PGT and TGT Exam)
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ICMR Exam
CSIR NET( Life Science Exam)
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