Скачать или смотреть 97th Constitutional Amendment Explained | Cooperative Societies | UPSC Polity MCQs

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In this session by Civil 360 Academy, we analyze an important UPSC Prelims Polity question related to the 97th Constitutional Amendment Act and cooperative societies in India.
The lecture explains:
What the 97th Constitutional Amendment Act (2011) introduced
Addition of Part IXB dealing specifically with cooperative societies
Amendment to Article 19(1)(c) providing the fundamental right to form cooperative societies
Why this right is NOT a fundamental duty
Insertion of Article 43B under the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) to promote democratic functioning of cooperatives
The video also provides crucial judicial context:
Rajendra Shah vs Union of India Supreme Court judgement
Why parts of the amendment were struck down for lack of state ratification under Article 368
Why provisions related to multi-state cooperative societies were upheld (Union domain)
How federalism plays a key role in constitutional amendments

📌 Key exam takeaway:

Beware of confirmation bias in MCQs
Always read statements fully before marking answers
Differentiate clearly between Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties
👉 Ideal for UPSC Prelims aspirants aiming to master Polity factual traps and elimination techniques.

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