Introduction to Decompression Sickness

Diving is a popular recreational pastime, as well as an activity with numerous practical applications in the scientific, commercial, military and exploration realms. While diving can be done safely, it is essential for all divers — no matter what their reason for diving is — to appreciate that the underwater environment is unforgiving. Problems may arise during a dive due to insufficient medical or physical fitness, improper use of equipment, or inadequate management of the high-pressure environment.

One of the hazards associated with the pressurised underwater setting is decompression sickness (DCS), a condition also known as “the bends.” This chapter explains the basics of DCS, while subsequent chapters provide details regarding its manifestation and management, as well as risk factors that may predispose you to the condition and preventive steps that you can take to minimise your chance of developing it.

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A key element of the DAN Mission is educating the diving public and the medical profession on the appropriate care for divers injured in dive accidents. This education takes on many forms, disseminating information on topics related to dive safety through articles, reports, seminars, lectures and training programs.