Apnea, hypoventilation, and pulmonary hypertension: Pathology review

What sleep apnea, hypoventilation, and pulmonary hypertension? Sleep apnea is when an individual intermittently stops breathing for at least 10 seconds during sleep. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome, also known as Pickwickian syndrome, affects obese individuals, presenting shallow or slow breathing, and increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide both during sleep and while awake. Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by a mean pulmonary pressure at rest that’s greater than 25 millimeters of mercury.

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