Ketone Body Metabolism | Ketolysis | Transport, Absorption and Catabolism

Lesson on the transport, absorption and metabolism of ketone bodies (ketolysis) as a source of energy during fasting and intense exercise. Prolonged fasting, intense exercise and certain dietary modifications (ex. ketogenic diet) lead to increases in blood levels of ketone bodies (beta hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate), which can be used for energy production by peripheral tissues, including the brain and skeletal muscle. Ketone bodies become an important energy source for the brain during fasting and starvation as the brain cannot use fatty acids as an energy source because the blood brain barrier is impermeable to fatty acids. By utilizing ketone bodies (ketolysis), the body can reduce its reliance on glucose as an energy substrate, maintaining blood glucose levels and allowing glucose to be used by other glucose-dependent cells and tissues, such as erythrocytes.

In this lesson, you will learn about the blood levels of ketone bodies during fed states, and throughout times of fasting, intense exercise and when utilizing the ketogenic diet. You will also learn about how ketone bodies are transported out of the liver after ketogenesis, how ketone bodies are transported through the bloodstream, and then finally, you will also learn about how ketone bodies are transported into peripheral tissues, such as the brain and skeletal muscle. Additionally, this lesson details the ketone body catabolism pathway in a step-by-step fashion, describing each enzyme in the pathway, the rate limiting step of the pathway, important co-factors for each of the enzymes and what is produced from the body. And finally, you will also learn how much ATP is generated from both beta hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate.

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**MEDICAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal.

Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

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Although I try my best to present accurate information, there may be mistakes in this video. If you do see any mistakes with information in this lesson, please comment and let me know.