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Learn how to tackle `FileLoadException` errors caused by mismatched assembly versions in C# and .NET projects using these key steps.
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Resolving FileLoadException Errors from Mismatched Assembly Versions

When working with C and .NET, encountering a FileLoadException due to mismatched assembly versions is a common issue that can disrupt the smooth functioning of your applications. The exception generally indicates a problem loading an assembly because the expected version does not match the located version. Below are steps you can take to address this issue effectively.

Understanding the Issue

The System.IO.FileLoadException typically occurs in scenarios where an assembly's version is different from what was expected. This can happen due to a variety of reasons such as:

Different versions of the assembly being referenced by multiple projects.

Updates or downgrades of the assemblies not being uniformly applied.

NuGet packages being inconsistently updated.

Steps to Resolve FileLoadException

Identify the Mismatched Assemblies

The first step is to identify which assemblies are causing the mismatch. You can do this by:

Analyzing the error message, which usually provides a good hint about the problematic assembly and the expected versus actual versions.

Using tools like Fuslogvw (Fusion Log Viewer) to get detailed binding failure logs.

Update Project References

Ensure that all projects within your solution reference the same versions of the assemblies. This can be done by:

Manually updating the references: Check each project's references individually and update them to the same version.

Using NuGet Package Manager: Ensure that all projects use the same version of the NuGet packages. You can do this using Manage NuGet Packages for Solution and consolidating the versions.

Binding Redirects in App.Config or Web.Config

Adding binding redirects can solve version discrepancies without modifying the assemblies. To do this:

Open your App.config or Web.config file.

Add the following under the <configuration> section:

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Replace AssemblyName, PublicKeyTokenValue, OldVersionRange, and NewVersion with appropriate values based on your specific assembly versions.

Clean and Rebuild the Solution

Sometimes, stale DLLs and outdated references may cause these issues. Follow these steps:

Clean the Solution: Right-click on your solution in Solution Explorer and click on "Clean Solution."

Rebuild the Solution: Right-click on your solution again and click on "Rebuild Solution."

Use Strong-Naming for Assemblies

If the problematic assemblies are strongly-named, ensure that all references use the correct strong-named versions. Strong-naming helps avoid mismatched versions by cryptographically verifying the assembly identity.

Conclusion

FileLoadException errors due to mismatched assembly versions can be frustrating, but by following these steps—identifying mismatched assemblies, updating project references, utilizing binding redirects, and ensuring clean builds—you can resolve these issues efficiently. Implementing strong-naming can add an additional layer of assurance against version mismatches.

By staying vigilant about assembly versions and updating references uniformly, you can maintain smoother builds and deployments in your C and .NET projects.