Скачать или смотреть Voltage drop on a Diode. Using the Diode as a Voltage Step-Down device.

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provide a smoother output voltage and prevent voltage spikes diode strictly speaking is not a perfect conductor when forward biased because similar to the resistor it exhibits voltage drop however contrary to the resistor whose drop as was noted above depends on the number of factors the drop across the diode is basically fixed and is usually around 0.6 to 0.7 volts this particular feature can be used to build a simple step down circuit let's say you have an old mobile phone that needs to be powered from a USB power supply without using a battery the nominal voltage of a Lithium-Ion battery is approximately 3.7 volts while the USB Supply outputs 5 volts if we take two diodes and connect them in series The Anode of course must be connected to the positive rail that is the red USB wire we will get a voltage drop of about 1.4 volts which is basically what we need and what's really important here is that provided that the USB Supply produces exactly 5 volts the voltage at the output of our circuit will also remain stable no matter what happens to the load -- or the phone so by wiring several diodes in series it's possible if necessary to come up with a larger fixed voltage drop this method of stepping down the voltage works pretty well but you can hardly call it convenient for example if you have to drop 12 volts you will need as many as 20 diodes

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