Скачать или смотреть How to find Oxidation Numbers for Phosphorous (P)

To find the correct oxidation state of in P, (Phosphorous) we use a few rules and some simple math. In addition to elemental Phosphorous (P,), we’ll also look at several possible oxidation states the Phosphorous atoms has when bonded to other atoms.

First, since the P, molecule doesn’t have an overall charge (like NO3- or H3O+) we could say that it is a neutral (not an ion). When finding oxidation numbers, neutral elements will have oxidation numbers of zero. So for Phosphorous the oxidation number will be zero.

When Phosphorous bonds to other atoms it can have different oxidation numbers depending on what it is bonded to. The general rules below will help determine the oxidation state on P.

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How to Find Oxidation Numbers (rules and examples):    • How to Find Oxidation Numbers  (Rules and ...   Oxidation Numbers Practice:    • Finding Oxidation Numbers Practice Problem...   --------

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GENERAL RULES
Free elements have an oxidation state of zero (e.g. Na, Fe, H2, O2, S8).
In an ion the all Oxidation numbers must add up to the charge on the ion.
In a neutral compound all Oxidation Numbers must add up to zero.
Group 1 = +1
Group 2 = +2
Hydrogen with Non-Metals = +1
Hydrogen with Metals (or Boron) = -1
Fluorine = -1
Oxygen = -2 (except in H2O2 or with Fluorine)
Group 17(7A) = -1 except with Oxygen and other halogens lower in the group

Additional Rule: The more electronegative element in a binary compound is assigned
the number equal to the charge it would have if it were an ion.
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