Скачать или смотреть What Are Gallbladder Stones? A Comprehensive Overview. | Part- I | Gastroenterologist| Dr. Venkatesh

Gallbladder stones, or gallstones, are solid particles that develop in the gallbladder, a small organ located beneath the liver. These stones can vary in size from a grain of sand to a golf ball and may consist of cholesterol or bile pigments. The formation of gallstones is often associated with an imbalance in the substances that make up bile, including cholesterol and bilirubin.

Causes:
Gallstones can form due to various factors, including:

Cholesterol Imbalance: Excess cholesterol in the bile can lead to the formation of cholesterol stones.
Bile Production Issues: If the gallbladder doesn’t empty completely or frequently, it can contribute to stone formation.
Genetic Factors: Family history and genetics can increase the likelihood of developing gallstones.
Underlying Conditions: Certain diseases, such as diabetes or liver cirrhosis, can influence stone formation.

Symptoms:
Gallstones may not always present symptoms, but when they do, they can include:

Severe Abdominal Pain: Typically in the upper right side or middle of the abdomen, which can radiate to the back or shoulder.
Nausea and Vomiting: Accompanied by abdominal discomfort.
Digestive Issues: Including bloating, gas, and indigestion.
Jaundice: Yellowing of the skin and eyes, indicating a possible blockage of bile ducts.

Diagnosis:
Diagnosis often involves imaging techniques such as:

Ultrasound: The most common and effective method to detect gallstones.
CT Scan: Used in some cases to view the stones and any complications.
MRCP: Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography, an MRI-based technique to visualize the bile ducts.