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🔴 Child Marriage in India: Why Policy Fails in Practice?

👧📜 Ending child marriage in India is not just a legal challenge—it is a governance and socio-economic challenge.
Despite strong laws and flagship schemes, the practice continues because deep-rooted realities on the ground dilute policy intent.

⚖️ What the law says vs what happens on the ground
India has enacted the Prevention of Child Marriage Act (2006) and launched schemes like Beti Bachao Beti Padhao. Yet, poverty, low schooling, and gender inequality still make early marriage a “survival strategy” for many families—especially in the poorest regions highlighted by NFHS data.

🏚️ Structural drivers behind child marriage
📉 Poverty and economic insecurity
📚 Low educational attainment, especially among girls
⚖️ Entrenched gender inequality and social norms
🏫 Weak school infrastructure and high dropout rates

🏛️ Governance and implementation gaps
🚨 Shortage of trained Child Marriage Prohibition Officers
📍 Uneven State capacity and weak local institutions
📄 Poor grievance redressal and case registration
⚖️ Low conviction rates that weaken deterrence

⚠️ The problem of over-criminalisation
Strict laws like the POCSO Act, when applied without adolescent-sensitive safeguards, often discourage reporting, criminalise consensual relationships, and push girls towards unsafe and informal arrangements.

🤝 Why schemes underperform
❌ Limited community ownership
❌ Fragmented inter-departmental coordination
❌ Deep-seated patriarchal norms

🔑 The core takeaway
Real change requires simultaneous action on poverty reduction, education, gender norms, and governance reform. Laws alone cannot dismantle a practice sustained by structural inequality.

📌 Watch till the end to understand why bridging the policy–practice gap is the real key to eliminating child marriage in India.

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