Atmospheric Water Harvesting by Direct Condensation

Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) by direct condensation is a technology that captures moisture from the air and converts it into liquid water. This process can be particularly valuable in arid and semi-arid regions where traditional water sources are scarce. Here's an overview of the key principles and technologies involved:

Key Principles
Dew Point: The dew point is the temperature at which air becomes saturated with moisture and water vapour begins to condense into a liquid. AWH systems typically cool air to its dew point to harvest water.

Condensation: When air is cooled below its dew point, the moisture in the air condenses into liquid water. This process is similar to the formation of dew on cool surfaces.

Cooling-based Systems:
Refrigeration Cycle: Uses a refrigeration cycle to cool air below its dew point. The system consists of an evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve. The evaporator cools the air, causing moisture to condense.

Applications
Domestic and Community Water Supply: Provides an alternative water source for households and communities, especially in areas lacking reliable water sources.

Agricultural Use: Supplies water for irrigation in arid regions, potentially improving crop yields.

Disaster Relief: Offers a portable water supply solution in disaster-stricken areas where traditional water infrastructure is damaged.

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