Скачать или смотреть The Unveiled History, 4000 Years Old Peshawar | Hindu Mazhab ki Janam Bhoomi

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Gor Khatri, located in the heart of Peshawar, is much more than an isolated archaeological mound—it is a living palimpsest of South Asia’s diverse cultural and religious history. The name “Gor Khatri” literally means “Grave of Kshatriya” (Hindu warriors), which hints at its deep-rooted connection with ancient Hindu traditions, even as the site has absorbed influences from Buddhism, the Indo-Greek period, Sikh rule, and the Mughal era.

A Crossroads of Civilizations

Ancient Beginnings:
Excavations at Gor Khatri have revealed artifacts dating back over 2,300–2,400 years, supporting the view that Peshawar is one of the oldest living cities in South Asia. Layers uncovered at the site testify to continuous human activity—from the Mauryan and Indo-Greek periods through to later eras, suggesting that the region was a vibrant hub along ancient trade routes, including the historic Silk Road.

Buddhist and Hindu Influences:
Early historical accounts indicate that Gor Khatri may have been associated with Buddhist traditions. Chinese pilgrim Xuanzang (Hiuen Tsang) mentioned a site that some scholars believe to be Gor Khatri, where “Buddha’s giant bowl” was kept—an emblem of Buddhist relics and rituals. With the decline of Buddhism in the region around the 5th century CE, the site transitioned into a sacred Hindu space. Historians like S.M. Jaffar have noted that it became a pilgrimage center where devotees performed the Sardukahr ritual (shaving of heads) as a mark of renunciation.

Mughal and Sikh Eras:
In 1641, Jehan Ara Begum, daughter of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, transformed the site into a caravanserai—named Sarai Jahanabad—to serve the needs of travelers and traders crossing between Central Asia and India. This period also saw the construction of ancillary structures such as a mosque, bathing facilities, and wells. Later, during Sikh rule, the complex was repurposed as the official headquarters of their mercenary general Paolo Avitabile. It was during this time that a Hindu temple—later identified as the Goraknath Temple—was established, reinforcing the site’s longstanding Hindu connections.

Archaeological and Cultural Legacy
Extensive excavations led by scholars like Professors Farzand Ali Durrani and Ishan Ali have uncovered a complex stratigraphy at Gor Khatri. These layers document a sequence of civilizations and cultural practices stretching from pre-Hellenistic times to the British era. The recovered relics not only affirm Peshawar’s claim as one of South Asia’s oldest urban centers but also illustrate how the site has served as a crossroads for various religious traditions—from early Buddhism to Hindu pilgrimage and Sikh governance.

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