Anatomy of the inguinal region, simplified

After completion of this video session it is expected that you will be able to:
Gross anatomy
Define Inguinal ligament; Lacunar ligament; Pectineal ligament; Reflected inguinal ligament; Intercrural fibers; Conjoint tendon; Iliopubic tract; Interfoveolar fibers.
Describe the superficial and deep inguinal rings. the anterior/posterior walls, roof and floor of the inguinal canal; boundaries of the inguinal triangle of Hasselbach, boundaries of the femoral ring.
List: the layers of the spermatic cord (External spermatic fascia, Cremasteric fascia, Internal spermatic fascia); the contents of the spermatic cord: (Ductus deferens, processus vaginalis (usually a remnant), Arteries, Veins, Nerves, Lymphatics.)
Outline the surface markings of the Inguinal ligament; Inferior epigastric artery; Inguinal rings and the course of the inguinal canal.
Embryology
Outline the descent of the testis and formation of the gubernaculum and processus vaginalis.
Clinical Anatomy
Using applied anatomy:
Explain the importance of the surface anatomy of the inferior epigastric artery in differentiating between inguinal hernias.
Compare the relationship of inguinal hernia and femoral hernia to the pubic tubercle.
Discuss the mechanism, route and diagnosis of hernia: Indirect inguinal, Direct inguinal, and Femoral.
Explain why an indirect inguinal hernia is more common in young males, an indirect inguinal hernia is more common in the elderly, and while femoral hernia is more common in females.
Discuss the formation, relations, and clinical significance of an abnormal obturator artery.

0:00 bony landmarks
0:50 inguinal ligament
1:19 lacunar ligament
1:34 pectineal ligament
1:42 reflected part of the inguinal ligament
2:04 superficial inguinal ring
3:20 deep inguinal ring
4:10 inguinal canal
5:50 conjoint tendon
6:40 interfoveolar fibers
6:55 contribution of internal oblique muscle
8:40 boundaries of the inguinal canal
13:50 inferior epigastric artery relation to the deep inguinal ring
14:40 inguinal trinagle of Hasselbach
15:50 direct and indirect inguinal hernia
16:55 femoral ring and femoral hernia
17:50 structures passing through the deep inguinal ring
18:39 coverings of the spermatic cord
20:00 abnormal obturator artery
21:29 embryology
24:07 comparing the direct inguinal hernia, indirect inguinal hernia, and femoral hernia

Correction from Ahmed Farah Muhumed : the femoral vein forms the lateral border of the femoral ring and not the medial border as stated in 17:25 as correctly stated in 26:26

Presented and edited by Dr.Akram Jaffar (Ph.D.). This video and its channel are supported by the "Human Anatomy Education" page on Facebook   / anatomyeducation  

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