Скачать или смотреть What is a Potential Divider or Voltage Divider Circuit

The potential divider or voltage divider is very straightforward, but very useful and it's found in a large number of electronic circuits.

As the name implies the potential divider or voltage divider divides the potential or voltage at the input to give a lower output voltage. It divides it down according to the value of the resistors.

In its simplest form it consists of two resistors in series. As the same current flows through both resistors the voltage drop across them is in the same ratio as the value of each resistor.

This means the output voltage can be calculated from the formula Vout = Vin (R2 / R1 + R2). The output voltage is the value of bottom resistor in the circuit diagram divided by the total resistance of the chain times the input voltage.

In this way it divides the input voltage down to a lower value.

The circuit can also be used with a component like a light dependent resistor so that any resistance variations caused by light changes are converted to a varying voltage. It is found that if the LDR is placed in the lower section of the chain, then the voltage across it will fall with increasing light levels as the resistance of an LDR falls when the light increases.

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