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Notes in the Description:
Definition of learning: - Is a change in behavior (kemp, 1985).
General principles which enhance learning.
1. Relating instruction to student experience.
2. Relating instruction to student interest.
3. Relating instruction to student future.

Learning barrier
1. student are bored
2. student are frustrated
3. student are hurt emotionally
4. Students are subjected to unpleasant physical condition.

Chapter 2:
Learning Need Assessment
We learned in school that human beings to have a number of basic needs which must be satisfied. These are food, water, clothing, shelter, and economic security. Most daily activities are devoted to satisfying these needs. Beyond the basic needs, the motivation for action in various aspects of life is based on a desire to satisfy interests and needs at a higher level.

Need Assessment : - it’s the process of planning, obtaining, and applying information (kemp, 1985).
A preferable way for deciding whether to initiate an instructional project is to do two things: First, find out what is going on now in the area of your concern or interest. Second, match the data collected against what should be happening.
Need: is the discrepancy between what is and what is desired or ought to be. Objective, justifiable reasons with quantitative data should be found to support a proposed project. Then we can answer the fundamental question (where are we? ) this leads to next question (where do we want to be? ).

[Gathering information]
Need Assessment can be done by two ways:
1. Internal assessment procedure.
1. Giving a test and analyzing student result.
2. Interviewing instructor's about student competencies.
3. Talking with the students and their impression about the value and success of the program.

2. external assessment
1. Interviewing person from other institute.
2. Comparing between instructional program at other institution to our local program.
3. Distribution of questionnaire or survey to recognized needs in the field.

The process of need assessment.
1. Preparing to do a need assessment.
2. Gathering information, data collection should be done through:
• Interviews. • Questionnaire. • Observation.
3. Analyzing the need assessment information.
4. Prorating needs assessment information

Once a need assessment is completed and there is a need, give your project a title or name, then goal should be set.

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