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Filippo Palizzi (1818 – 1899) was an Italian painter. Filippo Palizzi was born in Vasto (Chieti). He moved to Naples in 1837 and enrolled at the Royal Institute of Fine Arts, but withdrew after a few months to attend the private school of the painter Giuseppe Bonolis. Contact with his brother Giuseppe, who moved to France in 1844, introduced him to the painting of the Barbizon School.

Filippo Palizzi and his brother Giuseppe were pioneers of Italian Verismo painting. Filippo, inspired by the landscapes of the so-called Posillipo School – founded by a group of painters around 1830 –, became famous for his views of the area around Naples.

An advocate of the need to bring academic teaching up to date, he founded the Naples Società Promotrice di Belle Arti in 1861 together with Domenico Morelli and the Museo Artistico Industriale in 1878, being appointed director two years later. Filippo Palizzi was named commendatore of the Order of the Crown of Italy and of the Austrian Order of Franz Joseph, and honorary Associate of numerous Academies.