"Alkohol szkodzi zdrowiu" - co to właściwie znaczy?

Podczas wykładów i warsztatów wiele razy pytałam kto pamięta co jest napisane na półce z alkoholem. Wszyscy wiedzą, że wiszą tam tabliczki z napisem „Alkohol szkodzi zdrowiu”. Kiedy zadawałam następne pytanie: - Kto z was sprawdził co to właściwie oznacza? Co w praktyce znaczy, że „alkohol szkodzi zdrowiu”? – zapadała cisza. Ja to sprawdziłam ponad piętnaście lat temu i dlatego od tamtej pory nie piję w ogóle alkoholu. Wiele razy i wielu osobom obiecałam, że nagram o tym film i oto on. Najkrócej mówiąc: alkohol powoduje co najmniej 7 rodzajów nowotworów (m.in. raka przełyku, piersi i jelita grubego), wywołuje osłabienie odporności, uszkodzenie materiału genetycznego DNA oraz uzależnienie psychiczne i fizyczne. Opowiem o tym ze szczegółami na podstawie badań naukowych.

Wybrane badania naukowe (pełna lista badań jest dłuższa niż liczba znaków do opisu filmu):
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9. J.S. Gavaler, Alcoholic beverages as a source of estrogens. Alcohol Health and Research World, 1998.
10. M.A. Emanuele, F. Wezeman, N.V. Emanuele, Alcohol's effects on female reproductive function. Alcohol Research & Health, 2002.
11. Drinking Alcohol While Taking Hormone Replacement Therapy Increases Risk, BreastCancer.org, 2008.
12. Susan A Ballagh, Alcohol: the link between hormone replacement and breast cancer risk. Women's Health Issues, 1999.
13. W.L. Dees, J.K. Hiney, V.K. Srivastava, Alcohol and Puberty: Mechanisms of Delayed Development. Alcohol Research, 2017.
14. M.B. Schabath, Z.J. Thompson, K.M. Egan, B.N. Torres, A. Nguyen, M.R. Papenfuss, M.E. Abrahamsen, A.R. Giuliano, Alcohol consumption and prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among US men in the HPV in Men (HIM) study. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2015.
15. Anette Hjartåker , Margrethe S. Meoa, Elisabete Weiderpassa, Alcohol and gynecological cancers: an overview. European Journal of Cancer Prevention 2010.
16. A.I. Cederbaum, Alcohol metabolism. Clinical Liver Disease, 2012.
17. M.C. Canivenc-Lavier, C. Bennetau-Pelissero, Phytoestrogens and Health Effects. Nutrients, 2023.
18. M.C. Playdon, S.B. Coburn, S.C. Moore, L.A. Brinton, N. Wentzensen, G. Anderson, R. Wallace, R.T. Falk, R. Pfeiffer, X. Xu, B. Trabert, Alcohol and oestrogen metabolites in postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. British Journal of Cancer, 2018.
19. Sukriti Baweja, Ashmit Mittal, Swati Thangariyal, P.Debishree Subudhi, Shivani Gautam, Rashmi Kaul, Unveiling the effect of estrogen receptors in alcoholic liver disease: A novel outlook. Liver Research, 2023.
20. J.S. Gavaler, Alcoholic beverages as a source of estrogens. Alcohol Health Research World, 1998.
21. T.J. Key, P.N. Appleby, G.K. Reeves, R.C. Travis, A.J. Alberg et al., Sex hormones and risk of breast cancer in premenopausal women: a collaborative reanalysis of individual participant data from seven prospective studies. Lancet Oncology, 2013.
22. U.A. Hvidtfeldt, A. Tjønneland, N. Keiding, T. Lange, I. Andersen, T.I. Sørensen, E. Prescott, Å.M. Hansen, M. Grønbæk, S.E. Bojesen, F. Diderichsen, N.H. Rod, Risk of breast cancer in relation to combined effects of hormone therapy, body mass index, and alcohol use, by hormone-receptor status. Epidemiology, 2015.
23. M. Arora, A. ElSayed, B. Beger, P. Naidoo, T. Shilton, N. Jain, K. Armstrong-Walenczak, J. Mwangi, Y. Wang, J.-L. Eiselé, F.J. Pinto, B.M. Champagne, The Impact of Alcohol Consumption on Cardiovascular Health: Myths and Measures. Global Heart, 2022.
24. G. Traversy, J.P. Chaput, Alcohol Consumption and Obesity: An Update. Current Obesity Reports, 2015.
25. R.K. McHugh, R.D. Weiss, Alcohol Use Disorder and Depressive Disorders. Alcohol Research, 2019.
26. M.J.E. Schouten, M. Ten Have, M. Tuithof, et al., Alcohol use as a predictor of the course of major depressive disorder: a prospective population-based study. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 2023.
27. Edward V. Nunes, Alcohol and the Etiology of Depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2023.