Скачать или смотреть Use The Bench - Cut Method for Manual Earthen Cave Excavation

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When using the bench - cut method for manually excavating earthen caves, the excavation cross - section of the cave is divided into two or more parts in the height direction, forming upper and lower or multiple working surfaces, and then the excavation is carried out step by step.
The following is a detailed introduction :

Construction Advantages

Ample operating space :
Dividing the excavation surface of the cave into bench - like shapes provides relatively independent and spacious working spaces for construction workers. It enables workers to carry out tasks such as excavation and support simultaneously on different benches, improving construction efficiency.

Good stability :
Compared with excavating a large cross - section at one time, the bench - cut method is a step - by - step excavation. The cross - section excavated each time is relatively small, causing less disturbance to the soil around the cave. This is conducive to maintaining the stability of the soil and reducing the risk of collapse. Especially in cases where the soil conditions are not particularly good, this method of step - by - step excavation and timely support can effectively ensure construction safety.

Flexible adjustment :
During the construction process, if special situations such as changes in soil quality are encountered, construction methods and support measures can be flexibly adjusted on different benches according to the actual situation.

Construction Steps

Upper bench excavation :
Start from the top of the cave. According to the designed width and height, excavate a bench - shaped working surface at the top position. The height of this working surface generally accounts for about one - third to one - half of the total height of the cave. Construction workers use tools to dig out the upper - part soil from the loess wall to form the space of the upper bench.

Upper bench support :
After the upper bench excavation is completed, immediately support the top and side walls to prevent soil collapse. Support can be carried out by driving wooden wedges or steel pins into the top and side walls, hanging wire meshes, and then applying a layer of cement mortar or loess mud.

Lower bench excavation :
After the support of the upper bench is completed, proceed with the excavation of the lower bench. Construction workers stand on the upper bench or build a simple scaffolding in the excavated part of the lower bench, and continue to dig the soil downward to form the lower bench.

Lower bench support :
After the lower bench excavation is completed, the side walls of the lower bench also need to be supported. The support method is similar to that of the upper bench.

Overall finishing :
After the excavation and support using the bench - cut method are completed, conduct overall finishing of the interior of the cave to make the size and shape of the cave meet the design requirements. Level the ground of the cave and further smooth and decorate the walls.