INTRODUCTION OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS

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An Overview of Hydraulic Systems

The purpose of a specific hydraulic system may vary, but all hydraulic systems work through the same basic concept. Defined simply, hydraulic systems function and perform tasks through using a fluid that is pressurized. Another way to put this is the pressurized fluid makes things work.

The power of liquid fuel in hydraulics is significant and as a result, hydraulic are commonly used in heavy equipment. In a hydraulic system, pressure, applied to a contained fluid at any point, is transmitted undiminished. That pressurized fluid acts upon every part of the section of a containing vessel and creates force or power. Due to the use of this force, and depending on how it’s applied, operators can lift heavy loads, and precise repetitive tasks can be easily done.

Hydraulic Circuits

Transporting liquid through a set of interconnected discrete components, a hydraulic circuit is a system that can control where fluid flows (such as thermodynamic systems), as well as control fluid pressure (such as hydraulic amplifiers).

The system of a hydraulic circuit works similar to electric circuit theory, using linear and discrete elements. Hydraulic circuits are often applied in chemical processing (flow systems).

Hydraulic Pumps

Mechanical power is converted into hydraulic energy using the flow and pressure of a hydraulic pump. Hydraulic pumps operate by creating a vacuum at a pump inlet, forcing liquid from a reservoir into an inlet line, and to the pump. Mechanical action sends the liquid to the pump outlet, and as it does, forces it into the hydraulic system.

This is an example of Pascal’s Law, which is foundational to the principle of hydraulics. According to Pascal’s Law, “A pressure change occurring anywhere in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid such that the same change occurs everywhere.”

Hydraulic Motors

The conversion of hydraulic pressure and flow into torque (or a twisting force) and then rotation is the function of a hydraulic motor, which is a mechanical actuator.

The use of these is quite adaptable. Along with hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic pumps, hydraulic motors can be united in a hydraulic drive system. Combined with hydraulic pumps, the hydraulic motors can create hydraulic transmissions. While some hydraulic motors run on water, the majority in today’s business operations are powered by hydraulic fluid, as the ones in your business likely are.

Hydraulic Cylinders

A hydraulic cylinder is a mechanism that converts energy stored in the hydraulic fluid into a force used to move the cylinder in a linear direction. It too has many applications and can be either single acting or double acting. As part of the complete hydraulic system, the cylinders initiate the pressure of the fluid, the flow of which is regulated by a hydraulic motor.

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