What is Bicycle Day?

April 19th celebrates Bicycle Day? But what is this holiday dedicated to? Find out in this Reactions video!

This week Reactions is celebrating Bicycle day with some psychedelic science. The chemistry behind LSD has an interesting story. Chemist Albert Hofmann first discovered the psychedelic effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, or LSD-25. Today we're talking the chemical history of LSD, so get ready to turn on, tune in, but don't drop out... you might just learn something.

[Correction at 0:09 and 1:13: "Hoffman" should be spelled "Hofmann". We've added a correction (via annotation) -- we really regret missing this. Thanks to oildream for pointing this out.]

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Writer & Producer:
Kirk Zamieroski

Executive Producer:
Adam Dylewski

Scientific consultants:
Sonja Krane, Ph.D.
Darcy Gentleman, Ph.D.
Kyle Nackers

Music:
Pure Natural - Touch Me
Robert Daglio - Com Todo Meu Amor

SOURCES:

On Ergot - http://www.rcpe.ac.uk/journal/issue/j...

Ergot Abortions - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...

Headache remedy -
http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/...

Ergotamine - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1...

Total Synthesis of Lysergic Acid - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/j...

LSD: My Problem Child - http://www.maps.org/images/pdf/books/...

Article on LSD Discovery - https://www.theatlantic.com/health/ar...

Mystirc Chemist: The life of Albert Hofman - http://www.synergeticpress.com/wp-con...

Studies in the effects of LSD-25 - http://jamanetwork.com/journals/archn...

Acid Dreams (book) - https://books.google.com.hk/books?id=...

Hoffman lives past 100 - http://pubs.acs.org/stoken/campaign/w...

LSD test on mathematics - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10...

Possible medical uses of psychedelics
http://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i13/Ps...

LSD and Schizophrenia - http://journals.lww.com/jonmd/Citatio...

LSD and Alcoholism - http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/a...

LSD issues - http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/a...

More LSD Issues - http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/...

US Drug Scheduling - https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21...

St. Anthony’s fire and alchemy:
http://www.jstor.org/stable/776751?se...

Ergotism and Salem witch trials possible connection
http://science.sciencemag.org/content... …
Caporeal, L.R. Ergotism: The Satan loosed in Salem? Science 1976, 192(4234), p. 21-26.


CURRENT RESEARCH IN LSD


2016: Survey of research antidepressive, anti-addictive, and anti-anxiety potentials in LSD.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/1...

Jan, 2017: study in Cell investigates the crystal structure of LSD and its biochemical effect on the brain.
http://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S00...

Feb, 2017: study identifies serotonin receptor in brain respsobile for “feeling of meaning” and actually studies why LSD makes music sound.
http://www.cell.com/current-biology/a...

Jan, 2017: A look into LSD induced psychedelic phosphenes, and the role of biocheemiluminescence.
https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/revn...

Jan 2017: A look into why LSD is so difficult to find in urine tests.
https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/cclm...

2016: How LSD Affects Perception of Language
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/1...

Jan 2016: How LSD affects Circadian Rhythm.
http://www.fasebj.org/content/30/1_Su...

Ever wonder why dogs sniff each others' butts? Or how Adderall works? Or whether it's OK to pee in the pool? We've got you covered: Reactions a web series about the chemistry that surrounds you every day.

Reactions is produced by the American Chemical Society.