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CHINESE SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
The history of Chinese medicine dates back 2757 BC when the first Materia Medica was written by Shennong. It contains 365 kinds of herbs. Another legendary hero of Chinese medicine, Haung ti (2697 BC), wrote canon of Chinese medicine. Chang-Chung- kung a physician by profession, introduced a treatise on fever, their diagnosis, clinical examination, symptomatology, course and the treatment and management, along with acupuncture. His contemporary, Hua-tu, who employed anaesthesia in Chinese medicine, is believed to be the first surgeon of China.
Theory and Basic Concept
Chinese philosophy states that the body is the delicate balance of two polar and opposite antagonistic and complementary forces - Yin and Yang. Yin represents the earth and is dark feminine and passive. Yang represents the 'Heaven' and corresponds with Sun which is light, masculine and active. The human body, being a miniature model of the universe, accommodates these two fundamental forces. One of the major assumptions of concepts in Chinese medicine is that a diseased condition is due to an internal imbalance of Yin and Yang. Disease, therefore, can be treated by correcting the imbalance to bring the body back to its healthy state.
The Chinese system believes in five body constituents, five body networks and five body climates.
The five body constituents involve Qi (chi) or spirit; moisture; blood; shen or psyche; and jing (soma) or essence. Qi is the animating force which makes us move, think and work. Moisture protects nurtures and lubricates tissues while blood is the foundation for bones, nerves, muscles and other organs. Psyche and soma are immaterial and reproductive expressions of the individuals. The five body networks are liver, heart, spleen, lungs and kidney. Just as a nature is organised by five powers - wood, fire, earth, metal and water, the body also has five the pulsation of each wrist and by observing functional systems known as organ networks. These networks regulate and preserve Qi, moisture, blood, spirit and essence. The five body climates are considered wind, dampness, dryness, heat and cold. As natural forces cause disturbances in the nature, these five body climates can upset the balance within the human body. Wind may cause unsteady movements, dampness cause phlegm and edema. Dryness causes cracking of mucus membrane, cold retards circulation and heat may inflame tissue.
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