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Learn how to assign a static IP to your AWS Fargate instance, especially for applications like SFTP, without relying on Elastic Load Balancers.
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How to Secure a Static IP for Your Fargate Instance Without an ELB

Deploying applications on AWS Fargate is relatively straightforward, but when it comes to networking—especially securing a static IP for your services—the process can become more complex. In this post, we’ll address a common issue: how to effectively manage static IPs for a Fargate instance, particularly for use cases like running an SFTP server.

The Challenge

You might be trying to deploy an SFTP server that uses S3 for storage on AWS Fargate. While everything may work seamlessly, you find that your application doesn't have a static IP for both inbound and outbound communications. This is crucial, especially when you need to implement IP allow/deny functionalities on your SFTP server dashboard.

Here's what you might have explored:

Load Balancers: Initially, you may contemplate using a load balancer. However, for SFTP (which requires additional considerations), you may have discovered that Network Load Balancers do not preserve client IP addresses if they are intended for Fargate.

Elastic IP (EIP) Associations: You could try associating an Elastic IP with the Fargate network interface. Unfortunately, you might encounter "permission denied" messages, even while using root privileges.

Understanding Your Options

1. Existing Network Interfaces

When you question whether the network interface has a static public IP, it’s essential to clarify that, generally, the IP assigned to Fargate instances is not static. This means that you cannot rely on the automatically assigned IP address for consistent connectivity.

2. Using an Elastic IP

You may be eager to associate an EIP to your Fargate instance to maintain a consistent IP address. However, it’s important to note that this is not possible with Fargate using protocols other than HTTP, and it does not preserve the client IP in scenarios involving dynamic load balancing.

3. Alternatives to Fargate

Given the limitations with Fargate, you might wonder if it’s time to transition to another solution:

Switch to EC2: One effective alternative is to run your application on EC2 instances instead of Fargate. You can attach an Elastic IP directly to an EC2 instance, providing the static public IP you're seeking. This allows you to control both inbound and outbound traffic easily and manage client IPs effectively.

Consider Elastic Beanstalk: Another worthy alternative is to use AWS Elastic Beanstalk, which supports deploying Docker containers. Elastic Beanstalk provides a consistent static IP for the underlying instance, simplifying your configuration and ensuring your SFTP server can manage IP controls.

Conclusion

Operations involving static IPs, particularly for applications like SFTP, can pose challenges when utilizing AWS Fargate due to IP management restrictions. If you find yourself needing a static IP, scaling back to EC2 instances for your applications is a sensible solution, or exploring Elastic Beanstalk can also be a worthwhile alternative.

Discovering the right infrastructure setup for your applications requires forethought, and while Fargate has its advantages, understanding its networking limitations is key to ensuring successful deployments.

If you're facing issues, don't hesitate to pivot and explore other AWS solutions that can meet your IP requirements effectively.