Скачать или смотреть 36- Programming with Python || what is Access Modifiers in python?

Access modifiers in Python control the visibility of class members (attributes and methods). Unlike some other languages, Python doesn't have explicit keywords for access modifiers like public, private, or protected. Instead, it uses naming conventions to indicate the intended access level.
Public: By default, all members are public. They can be accessed from anywhere.
Protected: Members prefixed with a single underscore (_) are considered protected. While they can still be accessed from outside the class, it's a convention to treat them as internal.
Private: Members prefixed with a double underscore (__) are name-mangled, making them harder to access directly from outside the class. This is intended to prevent accidental access, but it's not a strict enforcement of privacy.