Quantum theory and Bohr atomic model//electromagnetic radiations and their properties

This video describes how Henry Moseley discovered atomic numbers in 1913. Moseley conducted experiments on different elements, including aluminum, potassium, and iron. He fired high-energy electrons at the nucleus of these atoms, which caused x-rays to be released. Moseley noticed that the smaller the atom, the fewer x-rays were released. He also noticed that the number of protons in the nucleus determined the number of x-rays released. Moseley plotted his results on a graph and found a linear relationship between the atomic number and the energy released. He concluded that the x-ray energy released is proportional to the number of protons in the nucleus, and therefore the atomic number must be the number of protons.
Electromagnetic Radiation
Electromagnetic radiation is a type of energy that travels through space in the form of waves. These waves are created by the oscillation of electric and magnetic fields.  

Key characteristics of electromagnetic radiation:

Waves: It propagates as waves, similar to ripples on a pond.
No medium: It can travel through a vacuum, meaning it doesn't need a medium like air or water to propagate.
Speed of light: It travels at the speed of light, which is approximately 3 x 10^8 meters per second.
Spectrum: Electromagnetic radiation comes in various wavelengths, forming a spectrum. This spectrum includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays.  
Different types of electromagnetic radiation and their uses:  

Radio waves: Used for communication, broadcasting, and radar.
Microwaves: Used for cooking, communication, and radar.
Infrared radiation: Used for thermal imaging, remote sensing, and heating.
Visible light: The type of radiation we can see, used for vision and illumination.
Ultraviolet radiation: Used for sterilization, tanning, and medical treatments.
X-rays: Used for medical imaging and industrial applications.
Gamma rays: Used for medical treatments, sterilization, and research.
Applications of electromagnetic radiation:

Communication: Radio waves and microwaves are used for various communication technologies like radio, television, and mobile phones.
Medical field: X-rays and gamma rays are used for medical imaging and treatment. Ultraviolet radiation is used for sterilization.
Industry: Electromagnetic radiation is used in various industrial processes like metalworking, welding, and quality control.
Remote sensing: Infrared radiation is used for remote sensing of the Earth's surface.
Astronomy: Astronomers use various types of electromagnetic radiation to study celestial objects and the universe.
Would you like to know more about a specific type of electromagnetic radiation or its applications?
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