Скачать или смотреть The Second Crusade: Disaster and Figures

Overview of the Second Crusade (1147–1149), which was launched after the County of Edessa fell to Muslim forces in 1144. The texts detail how the crusade was commissioned by Pope Eugene III and inspired by the preaching of Bernard of Clairvaux, despite the fact that his sermons also inadvertently ignited anti-Jewish violence in Europe led by figures like Radulf the Cistercian. The main military campaign in the east, led by Louis VII of France and Conrad III of Germany, ultimately failed, highlighted by their ill-fated decision to attack Damascus, an established ally of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. However, the crusade achieved success on the Iberian Peninsula, notably resulting in the capture of Lisbon. The sources emphasize that the overall failure in the East severely damaged the crusading movement and worsened relations between the Christian powers.