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Learn how to update expired entities in Elasticsearch using bulk updates with Spring Data Elasticsearch and Java in this comprehensive guide.
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Efficiently Updating Elasticsearch Entities with Bulk Operations in Spring Boot

In today's fast-paced application environment, managing data efficiently is crucial. Many developers find themselves needing to update records in their databases, often at scale. This is particularly true when working with search engines like Elasticsearch. In this post, we'll explore how to handle bulk updates in Elasticsearch specifically for expired entities.

The Problem

Imagine you have a database of entities that include an expirationDate. When the current time exceeds this date, the entity is considered expired. You need to update the expirationDate of these expired entities to the current time. Here's a simplified structure of some of these entities:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

In this example, the entity with id 00021 is expired because its expirationDate is smaller than the current time, and we must update this date.

The Solution

To achieve this in Elasticsearch 7.xx using Spring Data Elasticsearch, you can employ bulk operations for efficiency. Below are two tailored solutions: one for simple updates using the RestHighLevelClient, and another that utilizes bulk updates with the ElasticsearchRestTemplate.

Using RestHighLevelClient for Single Updates

If you want a straightforward way to update expired records, you can use the RestHighLevelClient.

Here's a sample implementation:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Bulk Update with ElasticsearchRestTemplate

If your requirement is to update multiple records in one go, the bulk operation is more suitable. The key steps are:

Query the expired entities.

Prepare a list of UpdateQuery objects for those entities.

Execute the bulk update.

Below is an example of how to accomplish this:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Important Considerations

Pagination: The above bulk update implementation updates only the first page of results. If you expect a large dataset, consider using the searchScroll method to get all matching document IDs for updates.

Testing: Always test your operations in a development environment before deploying to production to avoid unexpected data loss or corruption.

Index Configuration: Ensure your index mapping for expirationDate is of the correct type to handle time comparisons effectively.

By following these approaches, you can efficiently manage your Elasticsearch entities and ensure your data is always up-to-date. Happy coding!