Approach to Jaundice - types and causes of hyperbilirubinemia, investigations

"Jaundice is yellowing of the skin and conjunctiva. Jaundice is caused by elevated serum bilirubin levels termed hyperbilirubinemia. The normal serum bilirubin concentration in children and adults is less than 1 mg/dL (17 micromol/liter)

Jaundice can not be detected until serum bilirubin is greater than 2 mg/dL (34 micromol/liter), twice the normal upper limit. First manifestation is yellowing in the ocular conjunctivae and in the oral mucous membranes (under the tongue, hard palate). Jaundice or hyperbilirubinemia in adults can be an indicator of significant underlying disease"

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