KFT,RFT BLOOD REPORT.KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST USES INDICATION.KFT REPORT HOW TO READ EASILY?

CONTACT US ON
[email protected]
KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST
KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST FOR STUDENTS
KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST IN HINDI
KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST MEANS
KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST BLOOD REPORT
UNDERSTAND YOUR KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST REPORT EASILY AT HOME
KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST IN URDU
KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST IN TELGU
KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST IN BANGLA
KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST IN ASSAMESE
KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST IN PUNJABI
KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST IN KANNADA
KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST IN TELGU
KFT
RFT
KFT BLOOD REPORT
RFT BLOOD REPORT
SERUM CREATININE
SERUM UREA
SERUM BUN
SERUM URIC ACID
EGFR
GFR
URINE ANALYSIS
SERUM SODIUM
SERUM POTASSIUM
SERUM CHLORIDE
CREATININE CLEARANCE TEST
INULIN CLEARANCE TEST
CLASSIFICATION OF KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST
Renal Functions
Sample for Renal Function Tests
These tests are done on the serum or plasma of the patient.
A urine sample may also be needed.
The specimen is stable for several days at 4 to 6 °C and for at least 2 to 3 months when frozen.
The creatinine sample is stable when refrigerated for 24 hours.
Precautions for Renal Function Tests
Avoid a high concentration of Na fluoride as this inhibits urease.
Discontinue Vitamin B12 supplements at least 72 hours before sampling.
Purpose of the tests (Indications) for Renal Function Tests
These tests diagnose any renal disease.
These tests can tell the prognosis of the patient.
It can assess the remaining functional capacity of the kidneys.
Pathophysiology of Renal Functions
Kidneys play an important role in the homeostatic system of the body.
The kidney is the highly specialized organ in the body for:
Elimination of the waste products of metabolism.
It preserves the internal environment of the cells. That is it maintains the pH, water balance, ionic equilibrium, and fluid osmotic pressure.
The impairment of renal function correlates with morbidity and mortality.
Nephron structure:
This is the functional unit of the kidney.
Each kidney contains 400,000 to 800,000 nephrons.
Each nephron consists of the following:
Glomerulus.
Proximal Tubule.
The loop of Henle.
Distal Tubule.
Collecting ducts.FR depends upon the following:
Plasma concentration of the substance.
The excretion rate of the kidney will reflect the following:
Renal plasma flow.
Glomerular filtration rate.
This substance used should not be reabsorbed, secreted, synthesized, or degraded in the nephron.
GFR is the most reliable measure of kidney function.
GFR may be measured by giving exogenous substances like Inulin clearance.
GFR may be measured by endogenous substances like creatinine and urea nitrogen.Urine:
This is a fluid excreted by the kidneys.
It is stored in the urinary bladder and discharged through the urethra.
Normal urine is sterile, clear, and amber in color.
It is slightly acidic and has a characteristic odor.
Urine contains dissolved compounds, cells, and crystals.
Urine in a healthy person is clear, with pH 5 to 6, and has an average specific gravity of 1.024.
The normal urine output per day is 500 mL.
Routine Renal Function tests are:
BUN or blood urea.
Creatinine.
Calcium.
Magnesium.
Phosphorus.
Albumin.
Total protein.
Electrolytes (Sodium and Potassium).
Chloride in urine and blood.
Creatinine clearance.
Creatinine, 24- hours urine.
Protein in the urine (24 hours urine sample is needed).
Microalbuminuria.
Urine analysis.
GFR.Serum Creatinine
Creatinine is the end product of the catabolism of creatine phosphate.
Free creatinine, a waste product of creatine metabolism, is present in all body fluids and secretions.
It is freely filtered by the glomerulus.
There is diurnal variation when it is low at 7 AM and high at 7 PM.
There is a slight increase after the meal and especially after the meat in the diet because a small amount is present in the meat.
There is very little effect on liver function.
This is the measure of kidney function.
Normal serum creatinine = 1.0 to 1.5 mg/dL
Creatinine clearance (GFR = Creatinine clearance)
It estimates the renal excretion or filtering capacity of the kidney.
Normal creatinine clearance
Male = 97 to 137 ml/minute
Female = 88 to 128 ml/minute.
Urine albumin
Evaluation of the protein is a sensitive indicator of kidney function.
Normally proteins are not present in the urine because the spaces in the glomerulus are too small to allow the protein to filter out.
In the case of glomerulus membrane damage due to diseases, spaces become larger and allow the passage of protein in the urine.
Protein (albumin) in the urine can be a sign of kidney disease.
Proteinuria in pregnant women is an indicator of pre-eclampsia.
Albumin levels can increase with heavy exercise, poor blood sugar control, urinary tract infections, and other illnesses.
Normal urine albumin

.