Nail Anatomy and Physiology Structure: Lunula, Eponychium, Hyponychium, Free Edge, Cuticle

Nail anatomy and physiology made easy as a part of the integumentary system review. Learn the basic nail structure and functions for anatomy exams, nail care technicians, dermatology, and more.

The nail unit consists of the fingernail or toenail and its surrounding tissues, which make up the distal, dorsal surface of our digits.

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There are several important structures that you'll want to know for your exams. Some of the structures covered in this video include the following:

-The nail itself, which consists of hardened plates of keratin. It can be divided into the free edge, nail body (or plate), and the root.
-The hyponychium
-The eponychium
-The paronychium
-The perionychium
-The cuticle
-The proximal fold and lateral folds
-The germinal matrix
-The nail bed (sterile matrix)
-The lunula
-Nail functions

Our nails serve several important functions, and they also useful for healthcare professionals as a way to assess a patient's health.

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