Скачать или смотреть History Got This Wrong: Islamic Scientists Who Solved Medicine and Earth Science First

History tells us that science awakened during the European Renaissance.
That before it, medicine was primitive and Earth science was guesswork.

That story is wrong.

Long before the Renaissance, scholars in the Islamic world were already correcting fatal medical errors, practicing experimental medicine, and measuring the planet with mathematical precision. This episode of Tactical Legends brings together three figures who were right too early—and paid for it with obscurity.

The first breakthrough comes from medicine.

For over one thousand years, physicians followed Galen’s authority, believing blood passed through invisible pores in the heart wall. This belief shaped treatment across continents—and it was deadly.

In twelfth-century Al-Andalus, Ibn Zuhr rejected this culture of blind repetition. Instead of guessing, he observed. Instead of trusting authority, he tested it. Ibn Zuhr practiced clinical medicine based on direct evidence, careful diagnosis, nutrition, hygiene, and experimental caution. He even tested surgical procedures on animals before applying them to humans—an approach that closely resembles modern evidence-based medicine.

A century later, in Cairo, Ibn al-Nafis confronted the most entrenched anatomical error in history. Through careful reasoning, he demonstrated that the heart wall is solid and that blood must travel from the right side of the heart to the lungs before returning to the left. This was the first accurate description of pulmonary circulation—written centuries before it became accepted elsewhere.

Medicine did not suddenly become scientific in the Renaissance.
It was already becoming scientific long before.

The second half of this episode shifts from the human body to the planet itself.

Nearly one thousand years ago, Al-Biruni measured the Earth with nothing but geometry, observation, and a mountain. Without satellites, telescopes, or global travel, he calculated Earth’s radius with astonishing accuracy. He treated nature as something measurable, not mystical, and insisted that science must be built on mathematics rather than inherited opinion.

Al-Bīrūnī also studied tides, astronomy, mineral density, calendars, and cultures with a level of objectivity rarely matched even today. His work proves that rigorous Earth science existed long before the modern age—and that precision did not require modern technology.

So why are these names missing from popular history?

Because truth does not spread automatically.
Institutions, printing, power, and timing decide who gets remembered.

This episode is not about claiming exclusive credit.
It is about restoring historical accuracy.

Medicine and Earth science were already being corrected centuries before the Renaissance. The ideas survived. The methods survived. But the names were often left behind.

If these figures are new to you, that’s not an accident.
That’s the story this episode exists to tell.

Medicine before the Renaissance
Islamic Golden Age science
Ibn Zuhr Avenzoar
Ibn al Nafis pulmonary circulation
Al Biruni measured Earth
History of medicine Islamic world
History of Earth science
Forgotten Islamic scientists
Who discovered blood circulation
Early scientific method history
Hidden history of science
Tactical Legends history

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