WHAT TYPE OF WARM-UP DO REFEREES AND ASSISTANT REFEREES NEED BEFORE A MATCH?

👨🏻‍🏫 A research by Peter Krustrup, Werner Helsen, Marten B. Randers, Jesper F. Christensen, Christopher Macdonald, Antonio Natal Rebelo and Jens Bangsbo.
🗞Research title: Activity profile and physical demands of football referees and assistant referees in international games.
Journal: Journal of Sports Sciences.
🏛 Universities and faculties involved:
Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Section of Human Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Biomedical Kinesiology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, and Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.


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📚Other researches on the topic:
Asami, T., Togari, H., & Ohashi, J. (1988). Analysis of movement patterns of referees during soccer matches. In T. Reilly, A. Lees, K. Davids, & W. J. Murphy (Eds.), Science and football (pp. 341–345). London: E & FN Spon.
Castagna, C., Abt, G., & D’Ottavio, S. (2002a). The relationship between selected blood lactate thresholds and match perfor- mance in elite soccer referees. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 16(4), 623–627.
Catterall, C., Reilly, T., Atkinson, G., & Goldwells, A. (1993). Analysis of the work rates and heart rates of association football referees. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 27, 193–196.
-Da Silva, A. I., & Fernandez, R. (2003). Dehydration of football referees during a match. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 37, 502–506.
-D’Ottavio, S., & Castagna, C. (2001). Physiological load imposed on elite soccer referees during actual match play. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 41(1), 27–32.
Eissmann, H.J. (1995). The 23rd man. Sports medical advice for football referees. Leipzig: Gerso ̈ne-Druck.
Helsen, W., & Bultynck, J. B. (2004). Physical and perceptual- cognitive demands of top-class refereeing in association foot- ball. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22(2), 179–189.
-Hurley, R. A., Tozer, K., & Doust, J. (2002). An analysis of movement patterns and physiological strains in relation to optimal positioning of association football referees. In W. Sprinks, T. Reilly, & A. Murphy (Eds.), Science and Football IV (pp. 137–143). London: Routledge.
Johnston, L., & McNaughton, L. (1994). The physiological requirements of soccer refereeing. Australian Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 26(3–4), 67–72.
Krustrup, P., & Bangsbo, J. (2001). Physiological demands of top class soccer refereeing in relation to physical capacity: Effect of intense intermittent exercise training. Journal of Sports Sciences, 19(11), 881–891.
Mallo, J., Navarro, E., Garc ́ıa-Aranda, J. M., Gilis, B., & Helsen, W. (2007). Activity profile of top-class association football referees in relation to performance in selected physical tests. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(7), 805–813.
Mallo, J., Navarro, E., Garc ́ıa-Aranda, J. M., Gilis, B., & Helsen, W. (2008). Analyses of the kinematical demands imposed on top-class assistant referees during competitive soccer matches. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(1), 235–242.
Mohr, M., Krustrup, P., & Bangsbo, J. (2003). Match perfor mance of top-level soccer players with special reference to development of fatigue. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21(7), 519–528.
-Reilly, T., & Gregson, W. (2006). Special populations: The referee and assistant referee. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(7), 795–801.
Weston, M., Bird, S., Helsen, W., Nevill, A., & Castagna, C.
(2006). The effect of match standard and referee experience on the objective and subjective match workload of English Premier League referees. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 9(3), 256–262.
-Weston, M., Castagna, C., Impellizzeri, F. M., Rampinini, E., & Breivik, S. (2008). Ageing and physical match performance in English Premier League soccer referees. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, (Epub ahead of print PMID: 18835743).
-Weston, M., Helsen, W., MacMahon, C., & Kirkendall, D. (2004). The impact of specific high-intensity training sessions on football referees’ fitness levels. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 32(Suppl.1), 54–61.

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